Independence
Editorial decisions are made by the editorial team. Hospitals, clinics, and manufacturers do not review or approve articles before publication. Sponsored content, if any, is clearly labeled.
Sourcing
Medical claims are supported by peer-reviewed research, clinical guidelines from medical societies, or official statistics. Sources are cited inline and listed at the end of each article.
Accuracy and updates
Articles show their publication, update, and medical-review dates. We re-review articles at least once a year or when guidelines change.
Use of generative AI
The editorial team uses generative AI for first drafts, draft translations, structuring articles, and processing public datasets such as the government hospital list and the national drug price list. Every published text is edited by the editorial team, medically reviewed by a physician, and checked by a native-speaking reviewer with a medical background for each language edition. AI does not make medical judgments or choose sources.
Errors are corrected under our corrections policy.
Corrections
See our Corrections Policy.
Advertising and labeling rules
On the wording of our articles and how we present medical institutions, we take advice from Manabu Hayashida of Yakujihou.com, a consulting firm specializing in the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act (PMD Act), the medical advertising guidelines, and the Act against Unjustifiable Premiums and Misleading Representations.